The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn - Why Huckleberry Finn Rejects Civi

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn - Why Huckleberry Finn Rejects Civilization For what reason does Huckleberry Finn dismiss human advancement? In Mark Twains tale The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain depicts Huck Finn as an ordinary rational child from the 1800s. Huck Finn rejects human progress since he has no purpose behind it. What has human advancement accomplished for him? Nothing! It has just harmed him somehow, consistently. For what reason should Huck Finn like human progress? Human progress is ashore. All that the land and human progress has brought him was awful things. For instance his dad, Pap, beat him with a hickory stick when he was flushed: But eventually pap got excessively helpful with his hickry, and I couldnt stand it. I was welts all over(page # 189). Something else Pap did to Huck was he secured him in the lodge, here and there days one after another. He got to leaving so a lot, as well, and securing me. When he secured me and was gone three days.(page # 193). No big surprise Huck detested the land and progress! A large number o f Hucks awful encounters are ashore and include development. Jim being sold and that entire occurrence was downright awful. Huck nearly lost his closest companion all through the outing. I was a reasoning and Jim was genuine acceptable to me.(Mark Twain Adventures of Huckleberry Finn). Huck called up Tom and they had a plan to get Jim back. It worked yet scarcely. Due to this explanation, Huck is dismissing human progress. The vast majority of these things would make any of us dismiss human progress, as well. Huck had all the explanation on the planet to dismiss progress. He demonstrated that he didnt need it. He was likely better without it. He was better without it. He was glad in the pontoon. He doesnt truly need cash for anything so he could simply be a vagabond. Work Cited Twain. Imprint. Experiences Of Huckelberry Finn. USA

Review on How to talk so people would listen free essay sample

The most effective method to talk so individuals will listen Introduction The creator Steve Brown offers the understudy a supportive manual for viable correspondence. He stresses the nuts and bolts of discourse and discussion and makes us mindful that discourse permits us to impart to others rapidly or effectively about our needs, emotions and wants. Discourse permits us to address bogus Impressions or offer our Ideas. We are capable with discourse to support denounce or Inspire. With discourse we can likewise communicate outrage, love or joy.Brown makes us mindful of a portion of the misfortunes which incorporate dread, talking with power, not sitting around idly, and inning the option to be heard. , He gives us the fundamental standards of how we can beat such. Earthy colored contends that if a speaker can ace these essential standards, the person can increase a crowd of people and successfully address be recollected. Audit In this book how to talk so People will tune in, incorporates an abundance of guidance and canny data for the communicator. We will compose a custom exposition test on Audit on How to talk so individuals would tune in or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page We are reminded that words have power when God talks his exceptionally talking achieves the motivation behind His promise Isaiah 55:1 1 . Regardless of whether the peruser has never delivered a discourse or he Is a settled and experienced proficient, this book Is valuable. Earthy colored understands the force that discourse needs to Influence individuals. Therefore It ought to be Important to each and every individual who wants to Impact a crowd of people. The explanation numerous individuals maintain a strategic distance from open talking, however, is a direct result of the terrorizing factor. Earthy colored reasons that feelings of dread and intimidators must be confronted unhesitatingly and realistically.Failure ought to be seen decidedly as it is more earnestly to gain from progress than it is to gain from disappointment. The speaker must not permit his exhibition to impact his sentiments of self-esteem. Positive considering oneself and a positive hopeful outlook should empower the speaker to confront his feelings of dread and in this way overcome them. In this culture, a crowd of people won't listen except if the speaker speaks with power. Earthy colored discloses If you need to talk so individuals would listen it is fundamental that you have the correct words for the message you need to communicate.Thus having a decent jargon Is one of the essential components of talking with power Words express the most force when they are appropriately utilized, so an intensive comprehension of language is basic. The correct words at the correct occasions are of furthest significance in compelling correspondence. Earthy colored proceeds to depict further detours that adversely impact discourse and thus evacuate the authority of the speaker. These detours incorporate an absence of clearness or accuracy and obtuseness. They restrain correspondence and expel the authority of the speaker. The book keeps on underlining significant qualities of discourse by contradicting any misuse of the crowds time. Earthy colored portrays components of correspondence that persist Into one-on-one connections too. He understands that speaking before enormous crowds ought to be as social and ought to have as solid of an association as talking with Just one individual. Thus, traits Like lowliness and sympathy go similarly as a long way from the platform as they do in an individual discussion. On the off chance that the speaker they will no longer feel as though their time is being wasted.Other approaches to not burn through the crowds time are to include some unusualness in your correspondence, express enthusiasm, share delineations, and generally essential of all keep the standard that the more extended the discourse, the more noteworthy the possibility of disappointment. The last need that a speaker must address is the triumphant of the option to be heard by the crowd. The speaker must put everything on the line to comprehend and identify with his crowd. A similar discourse to two totally different gatherings of individuals should in all likelihood be very different!Things, for example, age, instruction, ability to focus, and scene should all be mulled over in the arrangement of a discourse. In the event that the speaker can associate with his crowd, he would then be able to affect them. Yet, in the event that no association is built up, at that point any discourse will probably be forgettable. The crowd should impact the subject, the introduction, and every other component of a discourse. In the event that these things are considered, the speaker will prevail upon the option to be heard. In conclusion, Steven Brown persuades the peruser to address be heard and recognized as is title recommends. He offers an exorbitant measure of counsel and data for the understudy of discourse to remove yet above all he persuades the peruser to esteem exceptionally the impact and effect he can have through discourse. This effect is incredibly improved when the speaker overcomes his feelings of dread, talks with power, doesn't burn through the crowds time, and prevails upon the crowd to his side. On the off chance that a speaker can hop over these obstacles, he will incredibly affect his crowd and leave an enduring impression. The speaker will presently have the option to talk with the goal that individuals would tune in.

Blog Archive Free Ding Review Offer from mbaMission

Blog Archive Free Ding Review Offer from mbaMission With this application season nearing its end, the time has come for applicants to make some choices. While many are now in the fortunate position of choosing between schools, some are suddenly confronting a different and unexpected question: “Where did I go wrong?” Each year, we extend an olive branch to those in the broader applicant pool who plan to reapply to business school in the coming year and seek to analyze their applications. Recognizing that many candidates have suffered enough in this application year, we offer to review one application for up to 20 applicants, free of charge ($500 value), hoping to  provide some direction for those who plan to move forward and try again next year. If you are interested in a free Ding Review, please send one complete application to  info@mbamission.com. We will randomly select 20 applicants, and if you are chosen, we will contact you about your free session. Share ThisTweet mbaMission Events

Orphans in Jane Eyre Essay - 1505 Words

Orphans in Jane Eyre Jane, one of the orphans in the novel Jane Eyre, is portrayed as the victim of charity. She is also seen in others eyes as something less or lower than themselves. Orphans are seen by wealthy people as children who are in need of their charity, and also who lack in morals, ambition, and culture. Jane tells about how she has no family; her mother and her father had the typhus fever, and both died within a month of each other (58; ch. 3). As if this is not bad enough, she is also excluded from being a part of the Reed family: Me, [Mrs. Reed] had dispensed from joining the group, saying, she regretted to be under the necessity of keeping me at a distance; but that until she heard from Bessie, and could†¦show more content†¦1). Also, when she is being carried up to the red room, the ladys maid makes a remark about John being her master and Jane asks if she is a servant and the maid replies, No; you are less than a servant (44; ch. 2). Mrs. Reed even tells John that Jane is not w orthy of notice. I do not choose that either you or your sisters should associate with her (59; ch. 4). There are also references to Jane an animal, John calls her a bad animal (41; ch. 1) and a rat (42; ch. 1). Abbot, the ladys maid also looks at Jane as an animal, if she were a nice, pretty child, one might compassionate her forlornness; but one really cannot care for such a little toad as that (58; ch. 3). In chapter three, Bessie sings a ballad that describes the orphans life as well. The ballad speaks of orphans loneliness and sad life. At the end of the ballad, Bessie tells Jane, Come, Miss Jane, dont cry, and Jane is wondering how could she divine the morbid suffering to which I was prey? (54; ch. 3) The last stanza of the ballad shows almost the exact description of Helen Burnss conviction that death will bring the utmost happiness and comforts: There is a thought that for strength should avail me; Though both of shelter and kindred despoiled; Heaven is a home, and a rest will not fail me; God isShow MoreRelatedThe Upbringing Of Orphans By Charles Dickens And Jane Eyre1714 Words   |  7 Pages The upbringing of Orphans in a time of social injustice. The 19th century Victorian era contrasted of different social classes; the wealthy, the working and the poor classes, which led to the forms of social order in society. It also encompassed some of the most famous literary works that till today impact the lives of many, and leads readers to wonder about the injustices of the conditions of the orphans. The novels Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens 1838 and Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte 1847Read MoreCharlotte Bronte ´s Jane Eyre: A Victorian Criticism737 Words   |  3 Pagesas Charles Dickens, Matthew Arnold, George Elliot, and the Bronte sisters criticized these injustices in their works. Charlotte Bronte, who lived during the Victorian Era, wrote about the society’s injustices in her novels Jane Eyre, Shirley, and The Professor. The novel Jane Eyre is Charlotte Bronte’s response to the injustices of the Victorian Era. One major injustice of the Victorian Era was its very rigid social classes. Victorian people have to follow rules specific to their social class, suchRead MoreEmily Bronte s Wuthering Heights Essay1220 Words   |  5 PagesComing from a very talented and literate family background, the Brontà « sisters have both written novels centered on orphans’ pursuits of love that may have challenged civilized society. Emily Jane Brontà « and Charlotte Brontà « are among the six children born to Reverend Patrick Brontà « and Maria Branwell Brontà « (â€Å"Emily Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬ ). The loss of their mother and two eldest sisters resulted in different responses between Charlotte and Emily, while Emily became shyer, Charlotte developed a dominant attitudeRead MoreExamples Of Social Class In Jane Eyre1000 Words   |  4 Pages Jane Eyre and Oliver Twist: Defining Class In this paper I will talk about the running theme of social class in the literary works Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte and Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens and how they define social class in the Victorian era in a negative light. In these novels the characters have a hard time reaching a higher social status, and children of lower social class are often treated as animals. In these works of literature both authors depict social class in the Victorian eraRead MoreCharlotte Bronte: The Social Critic1732 Words   |  7 Pagesworld. Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre had a similar effect upon the mindset of Victorian society, as its publication ended the silence on social justice and set off an ‘eruption’, leading to sweeping reforms. The novel revolves around the moral and spiritual journey of Jane Eyre, an orphan who values freedom and struggles to break free of Victorian-era standards. Brontà « satirizes these standards through her portrayal of the lower classes, me ntal illness, and orphans. Jane is critical of Victorian EnglandRead MoreHow Charlotte Bronte Creates Sympathy for Jane in the First Two Chapters of the Novel1423 Words   |  6 PagesCharlotte Bronte Creates Sympathy for Jane in the First Two Chapters of the Novel Charlotte Brontes novel Jane Eyre (1848) is a story is about a ten year old orphan girl called Jane Eyre. Her circumstances are as follows; when both of her parents died within a year of her birth, leaving her into the care of her Aunt, Mrs Reed. Mrs Reed is a widow of Janes uncle, who broke her promise to late husband by mistreating Jane cruelly. Then Jane is also bullied by here three cousinsRead MoreFeminism in Jane Eyre and the wide sargasso sea Essay1061 Words   |  5 PagesLadan Abdullahi Feminism in Jane eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea A patriarchal society is a world in which men are the sole decision makers and hold positions of power and the highest authority. Patriarchy occurs when men are dominant, not necessarily in numbers but in their status related to decision making and power. As a result, women are introduced to a world made by men, and a history refined by a mans actions. In jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea, the author focuses on the history of Bertha, oneRead MoreEssay on Jane Eyre: An Orphan’s Success Story1750 Words   |  7 PagesJane Eyre: An Orphan’s Success Story       In Victorian literature, the orphan can be read as an unfamiliar and strange figure outside the dominant narrative of domesticity (Peters 18). They were often portrayed as poor children without a means of creating a successful life for themselves. Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre, however, is a portrayal of a female orphan who triumphs over almost every environment she enters. Therefore, Jane’s ability to overcome the hardships that she encounters is a fictionalRead MoreCharacteristics Of Jane Eyre A Tragedy1301 Words   |  6 PagesWould Jane Eyre be considered an excellent tragedy in the eyes of Aristotle? Aristotle developed a formula for the perfect tragedy in his eyes. Aristotle considered the plot to be the most important aspect of a tragedy and things like character, reasoning, diction added to the plot. Aristotle states the following about tragedies, â€Å"Tragedy, then, is a process of imitating an action which has serious implications, is complete, and possesses magnitude; by means of language which has been made sensuouslyRead MoreJane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pagesand such opinion is shown in Jane Eyre. Although Jane Eyre was considered radical for its time because women weren’t supposed to play the role of heroine, Jane Eyre rises up from her oppressors, fights for what she thinks is right, and above all stays true to herself and today is considered a true role model for heroine characters. Jane Eyre tells the story of an orphan who goes through her life with challenges and goes on to have an ‘awakening’ in the process. Jane goes through a â€Å"life-pilgrimage†

National Cargo Airline - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2968 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Transport Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Airline Portfolio 1. Brief history. National Cargo Airline was established in 1993 by James Smith. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "National Cargo Airline" essay for you Create order The company started its operations from U.S. on May 20, 1994. The first operation was started overnight with Dassault aviation. The Dassault connected twenty five cities in U.S. At start, NCA (National Cargo Airline) provided services overnight and two-day package. However, few years after inception, the company faced financial difficulties. The crises were so severe that the company faced loss of almost one million USD in a month. At that time James somehow managed to arrange around $80 million from USAs risk venture capitalists. The company became the most highly financed new company in U.S history, in terms of venture capital. As time passed, NCA expanded its services to further 60 cities of United States. In 2003, the company also started to compete with the postal service of U.S and added document shipping in its portfolio. In 2006, its sales topped with $1 billion for the first time. National cargo Airline continued its expansion and started its services internationally with its hub at different countries. 2. Financial performance: Financial Performance for previous 10 years is presented in the table; The graphic presentation of the performance is satisfactory. Initially the firm faced issues but soon the position was recovered. 3. Route structure and airport hub strategies NCA fulfilled the carrier needs of its customers. Its customer base is not only U.S citizens but international customers as well. NCA flies to 60 domestic and 83 international destinations in 39 countries. There are different hubs and some airlines use only a single hub. These hubs are used for both passengers and cargo flights. A hub is more effective because it connects traffic more easily. Passengers want a one-stop route or a two stop routes. Point to point: It is a network system in which an airline focused on Origin and Destination traffic. In this model airline is more interested in transportation of low cost carriers from one city to another but it did not connect any other city through any point. Hub and Spoke It is a network system in which airline will not only plan transportation between two points but it also connects two distant cities via its hub. 4. Aircraft fleet management and selection Disruptions in operations causes complexity in routine processes. As a result of this disruption the cost per flight increases and effects passengers satisfaction. However, the important factors that causes deviation to planned flight schedule occur for one reason or another. NCA fleet scheduling and management system minimized the effects of flight disruptions. Latest software have been used to help the airline to quickly and effectively communicate the information with stakeholders within business. The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Flight operations will keep the flight operation on track and will highlight the problems as early as possible. The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Flight operations can be changed according to the needs of individual airline. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Flight operations will help the airline in following ways: It will reduce the effects of operational disruptions. It helps to improve aircraft utilization. It enhanced the operational efficiency. 5. Personnel issues Like every organization, the firm suffers with various issues related to personnel. Manpower management is required to achieve the optimum use of qualified pilot and cabin crew resources. This will ensure the cost minimization of overall crew resources and aligns the crew supply chain. The manpower management also ensures the robust system of crewing operations. One of the main feature of man power management is that it will help the company to response quickly to an airlines forward crew management. Manpower management helps the company to maximize crew efficiency. It ensures right number of qualified crew in right place at right time. It also reduces the efforts which are required in crew planning process. 6. Pricing schemes and fare wars NCAs main objective is to serve quality services at competitive rates. The pricing schemes depends upon following: U.S. Domestic rates U.S. Export rates Accessories charges Fuel and security surcharge The fuel price index is based on the methodology of fuel surcharge on a weekly assessment of average price per gallon of kerosene. The kerosene type jet fuel price is fixed by U.S. Gulf Coast spot market. 7. Marketing and distribution Now a days, the airline industry provides fast services and huge benefits to many other societies. So it is one of the most important industry which is supporting the internationalization and globalization. Following are some of the plans which are followed by NCA for marketing and distribution: Differentiation; NCA made its services more professional by providing three classes of its services. Social Media- NCA used social media to target its customers in a highly active way Marketing Campaigns- NCA launches a very competitive marketing campaign to compete with its rivals. It helps the company to expand its customer base by creating more value to its customers through diversified and effective services. 8. International operations The international operations at NCA ships 11.5 pounds packages pee day with the help of 18 international hub airports and local airports. Currently the company has robust international shipment network through which packages can be reliably and quickly shipped. Following are the international hubs that helps in distribution of packages throughout the worlds: London, England Newyark, NJ, USA Tokyo, Japan Paris, France Oakland, CA, USA These hubs reside in the influence zones and provide services to entire area. The company uses Zero Transshipments through which international hub packages are delivered directly to other international hub. 9. Cargo management To maximize the cargo revenue it is required that the company is matching its demand with its capacity efficiently. The company manages its cargo through following steps; Forecast the cargo sales to identify the up selling and cross selling opportunities. Plan the allotment of cargo to maximize the cargo profits by improved cargo space and profitability evaluations Increase the turnover of collection of inter billing through accounting tools Airport and Airspace Capacity Case Airport Capacity and Congestion: Now a days different airports face problems of hubs and network structure problem. Hubs are used for connecting traffic from different world origins. The problems at international level hubs is much more severe than local problems. Hub congestion causes many organizational breakdowns at airport like flight delays, cancellations etc. Airport capacity and congestion problems mainly arise due to growing demand of air travel. Air travel offers low cost carriers system and legacy carriers at competitive response. To meet this increasing demand expansion of airport capacity required a lot of physical constraints. Airports of different cities are hub centers as well as servers of large local markets. Neighboring countriesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ hubs face a lot of competition from each other. In order to assess the future demand for airport capacity, different network carriersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ strategies and alliances are needed to be taken into account. Different world markets faced different patterns of airport capacity demand in future. Thus the decision of expanding Londons airport mainly depends upon these future demand patterns which requires to fulfill the expansion needs in short, medium and long term. So, UK airport commission is considering to expand capacity at Heathrow (largest London airport) and replaced hub airport at Thames Estuary. Expanding the airport capacity in urban areas require a tradeoff between economic and environmental goals. Economic goal can be fulfilled by providing additional airport capacity which can be accessed by central business units. On the other hand environmental goals achieved by expansion of airport capacity away from population. Thus expansion of airport capacity requires: Development of new distant airport Expand the capacity by using innovative technologies. Splitting the two hubs through different techniques. Future Airport Demand: Aviation results show increased air travel signals which result in increased congestion and capacity problems. Thus the expansion requires long term planning and construction. Following are some of the consideration that must take into account, while planning for expansion: Analyzed the past growth drivers such as regulatory reforms, airline business models etc. Understand the link between long term trends of income, trade with oil prices. Access the historic link between income and air travel demand. Hub Economies: In order to get economic benefits from competitive airline networks, hub economies is one of the most important factor. Hubs provide high density at low cost to flow of passengers. It also ensures broader level of air service to less dense markets. For additional airport capacity, there are following investment implications: London has particularly strong local demand whereas expanding the airport capacity is based on an additional uncertain future demand. Hub economies provides a link between connectivity, economic benefits and additional airport capacity. Airline transportation is very much difficult to handle. It is an interactive system that consisted of vehicles, airports etc. The air transportation is evolved by incremental changes in technological and operational systems. U.S has always been a world leader in air transportation. The industry annually operates 63.1 million. It is forecasted that within 10 years, there will be 1.1 billion air travelers per year in London airports. Thus, this growth in travelers puts a lot of substantial pressure on airport infrastructure. Most of the airports faced congestion problems due to limited possibilities for expansion. Improvement in aircraft and air space system may not be sufficient to efficiently meet U.S. transportation need. The main area which is needed to be addressed is congestion management. Congestion management thus included new runways, improved technology and demand management in order to manage delays and congestion. Impacts of Airport Expansion: The impacts of air port expansion are beyond then economic impacts. The expansion plans most of the time received numerous social and environmental displeasure. Lawsuits are filled for the expansion of major airports. The main reason for filling suits are overriding local zoning rules and noise or air pollution. Following are the main issues in airport capacity expansion: Displacement and Compensation of people and businesses: The London airport expansion will cause the relocation of 5680 people including 2333 households. It also results in acquisition of 1900 residential property. The expansion also required 75 businesses to relocate. So in order to mitigate these disruptive effects, NCA planned to design a service for the education, information and responses of those affected people. Some homeowners will be forced for selling their property thus they will be not pleased with the airport expansion. Usually in such cases, it is required that the affected party will be compensated. These compensation are determined by the market forces. Sometimes the people think that buyout prices are quite low because the homes are near ro the airport expansion and will suffer noise pollution. Environmental Issues: Noise Airport expansion causes an additional noise pollution in the surrounding area of airport. Although some of the area is acquired by the airport for expansion but to the extent of residential area, it must face increased noise pollution. So it is required that these residents and home owners should be compensated. Possible Solutions: The increased amount of capital is required to expand the airport capacity. But there is another solution through which the capacity of airport can be expanded. This alternative solution recommends the efficient use of existing capital. This can only be possible through congestion-based pricing landing fees. The problem of airport congestion arises during peak hours because there are too many aircrafts operators who are waiting runways for use. The congestion based landing will make more efficient use of airport. In world, moat of the pending fees are depends upon aircraft size and runway capacity that is to be allocated to aircraft. Under this system, the air crafts completely ignores the cost which the society bears due to land at an already busy airport. With the help of congestion based pricing model, the owners will pay the landing fees based on the marginal damage that is suffered due to runway delay. The fees will be vary and depends upon the time of day. Another so lution to the airport congestion is route structuring. Through this technique the aircrafts will move from the traditional hub and spoke route structure. Due to route restructuring most of the hub and spoke will become a rolling hun where passengers will wait for planes to arrive instead of planes waiting for passengers. South west airline is one of the example which successfully launches the route structure and if NCA (National Cargo Airline) adopts this route structuring then there could be possibility of removal of congestion issues at hubs. Airline Performance Report 1. Current Airline Financial Performance: Currently almost 300,000 team members of NCA working tirelessly to serve customers. They are also creating value for share owners. FY 14 financial results showed an outperformed returns to investors. With almost 95 % world customers living out of U.S, NCA has been planning to expand in countries where there is chances of business growth. Strategic mergers and acquis itions, new hubs and customized services helps the company to strengthen the links between different emerging countries. This step will help the company to provide opportunities to customers. In April 2014, NCA opened advanced distribution center in Latin America. This hub provides trade and jobs opportunities to countrys economy. The new distribution center expands the range of solutions and provides more than 500 shipping locations for direct access to markets with in the country. It also results in fastest access to worldwide opportunities. In 2011, mergers in fast growing regions results in fairly two way trade between Mexico and U.S. This trade earned almost total $ 1 billion. NCA group operates across six continents of world. It has 75000 strong multinational team. During the financial year 2013-14, growth strategy includes 24 wide bodied air crafts. This results in 5.9 ton KM capacity. Nine new destinations have been opened in five contents and additional 164 thousand tons cargo carried 5.8 million more passengers than previous year. In 2014, company earned a profit of $ 3.3 billion showing a substantial 42.5% increase over last yearà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s profit of $ 2.3 billion. Costs grew at a slower rate than revenue therefore it results in higher profit. The main factor of growth is lower unit costs and a stable yield on expanded capacity. Profit margin so improved by 4% and showed a positive result given expansion of airline capacity. In two years the airline capacity has been increased by 30%. Whereas operating profit showed a tremendous increase of almost 50%. Operating coat grew by 10% results n $78.4 million. This increase in coat is relatively less as compared to the revenue expansion. The main reason of this growth is due to weak currency exchange which had a positive impact on costs. Jet fuel cost is also lower than the capacity increase in the airline. The strategy of jet fuel prices has been paid off in the current year. The conti nuous assessment of global economy reflects a balanced risk which results in downside of historic high jet fuel price levels. NCA has been seen revenues which remains relatively flat such as $44.3 billion to $ 45.6. Although company always remain able to grow with net income from $ 1.6 billion. As a reduction in sales, the cost of goods sold also decreases from 75% to 72%. 2. Recommendations: Soon after the 2014 fiscal year the company started significant efforts to reduce cost in the segment of companys express. The efforts have been designed ro improve $1.5 billion profitability during the following three years. The company has planned ro achieve majority of benefits by fiscal year 2015. The company is also planning to improve information technology function to serve as a factor of reducing cost. Following are some of the plans through which the company can get maximum benefits: NCA has planned to earn $700 million targeted amount through domestic and international networks. The future plan also included replacement of 5000 delivery trucks. Through modernization of aircraft fleet, the company can earn $300 million and there is also a chance to gain $400 from back-office function consolidation. Consolidation of driving routes and domestic express pickups can contribute $10 billion saving Through European expansion, the yield management and pricing can get $150 million cost reduction. A voluntary buyout plan will help the company in cost reduction roughly by 40 % of the 3000 employees. Thus except all above positive points the company will have more pressure due to base erosion which will result in $ 1.6 billion annual saving. NCA will expand its international Express service more as compared to previous efforts. This will help the company to continue its growth. The international economy service contributed 15% annual gain in revenue whereas the international priority will be slightly declined. The company is planning to reduce its domestic cost network, fleet development and efficiency of staff functions. There are a lot of growth opportunity for NCA in IE, as it helps the company in diverting the freight to other networks. As customers are moving down the service ladder to lower yielding product, the product trade down in international express gained a hot topic. NCA decided to replace two of its Boeing 777s with smaller Boeing 766 for providing continued growth international like in Asia to U.S. This step will help the company to reduce jet fuel cost an d AA a result profit will be maximized. NCA is now a days competing with unites parcel service which performed frequently through large transit routes. So in order to compete the united parcel services, NCA needs a formal plan which will help to reduce cost of carrier in a best possible way 3. Future Forecast: In U.S. the growth trends shifting towards consumer now because of lower gas prices. Other factors such AA improved labor markets, purchasing power and incomes also support the current trend. The expected growth for real GDP is around 3% average for coming years. So this strong consumer demand will support business investment. Thus the increases demand will result in greater use of air travel. NCA is forecasting following demand trend which will boost up its sales revenue and as a result profit will be maximized. The graphical presentation of data is as follows; The trend line of profit of the firms is satisfactory. Firm is in firm position to expand its position and be the parts of new horizons.

Concept of Blasphemy in Islam - 2663 Words

Blasphemy in Islam Blasphemy in Islam is any irreverent behaviour towards holy personages, religious artifacts, customs, and beliefs. Hindutva Terrorism Tuesday, February 01, 2011 Islam and Blasphemy Blasphemy in Islam is any irreverent behaviour towards holy personages, religious artifacts, customs, and beliefs. Blasphemers Islamic legal authorities agree that a blasphemer can be Muslim or non-Muslim. To be convicted of blasphemy, an individual must be an adult, of sound mind, and not under duress. Some jurisdictions do not punish individuals who commit blasphemy accidentally. The Maliki School of Jurisprudence permits the exoneration of accused individuals who are converts to Islam. Blasphemy against holy personages†¦show more content†¦A blasphemer, who violates the right of God can seek forgiveness through repentance. The Holy Quran speaks of punishment in relation only to those who make war and mischief in opposition to Almighty God and Holy Prophet (PBUH): The punishment of those who wage war against Almighty God and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter (Surah Maida: 33) Blasphemy against Holy Prophet (PBUH) A blasphemer, who violates the right of Man must seek forgiveness from the person insulted. In the case of an insult to Holy Prophet (PBUH), the Muslim community is considered to be under an obligation to avenge the insult because the possibility of forgiveness expired upon the death of Holy Prophet (PBUH). In March 2009, Pakistan presented a resolution to the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva which calls upon the world to formulate laws against the defamation of religion. Blasphemy laws in Pakistan 295-B Defiling, etc, of copy of the Holy Quran. Whoever will fully defiles, damages or desecrates a copy of the Holy Quran or of an extract therefrom or uses it in any derogatory manner or for any unlawful purpose shall be punishable for imprisonment forShow MoreRelatedGood And Evil Are Purely Relative Terms With The Meaning1222 Words   |  5 Pagesthe meaning depending on cultural context. There are some societies worldwide who have taboo acts, which if one commits it one has shown deep evil. I will consider the act of eating beef as evil in traditional Hindu culture and the view that mocking Islam is evil in traditional Muslim culture. 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Management Studies Relation Law Enforcement â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Management Studies Relation Law Enforcement? Answer: Introduction The success of a management can best be known for his ability to communicate performance expectations effectively to his or her subordinates. A manager should be an individual who is able to communicate effectively to his or her employees. In the communication process, he or she should be able to convey information regarding performance expectations to the employees in a clear and direct manner. Employees pay attention and focus their energy on what is viewed by the manager as being important. When employees realize that their manager is focused towards the performance of a given activity, then they will equally put an effort to ensure that it becomes successful. However, employees may not at times respond positively and as faster as required. In some cases, the manager may be forced to frequently make impromptu visits to the working places of junior employees to confirm whether they are actually working towards the set goals of the organization or not (Khanka, 2007). A successful ma nager doesnt have to behave that way. Strategies on how best to communicate performance expectations to a junior staff Effective communication has the power to change the way in which employees carry out their duties as outlined by the organization. Effective communication creates a good working environment where employees feel free and comfortable (Government Printing Office, 2011). They would hence put all their efforts and work towards the goals of the organization. In order to achieve this, managers must employ the following strategies; Leading by example Leading by example is whereby the manager would not shy away from his or her responsibilities. Where possible, the manager should move a step ahead and assist his employees in carrying out some of their responsibilities and duties. History has shown that most of the successful managers in the past have employed the strategy of leading by example. The strategy has therefore been tested to be effective. It sounds crazy when a manager asks his junior employees to carry out some duties in the organization, yet he is not willing to lead them in carrying out the duties (American Management Association, 2016). There are managers who would request their junior employees to work an extra hour every day so that the organization can meet its goals. At the same time, the manager leaves much early. Such managers believe that their duty is simply to give orders as the employees follow. Employees are not able to successfully work as a team in such an environment. None can trust a manager who askers for the operations and team responsibility from the rest of the rest of the employees, yet he does the contrary (PAYNE, 2007). Alexander the great was a powerful leader and soldier. He is still envied by many people today. He won many battles with the assistance of his army. He practiced good management skills in the management of his army. Alexander was the commander and he led his soldiers in many battles which they won with ease. He never sat back whenever he sent his soldiers out to the fields to fight wars. Instead, he joined in the war front. His presence on the battlefield along with his soldiers made the soldiers feel motivated. They, therefore, fought very hard since they never wanted to witness their commander fail after making all that effort. Had Alexander sat back in his palace as his soldiers fought, perhaps he would not have made it to the history books that have been read over the years (Martinuzzi, 2017). A leader who communicates an order to junior staff and then does contrary to what has been communicated is bound to fail. The employees would not follow the orders provided by the manager w ith a lot of enthusiasm. The junior staff would immediately conclude that the manager is not serious about the activities of the organization. They would no longer believe in the manager (Khanka, 2007). Good managers encourage their junior employees to work harder by joining and working with them in their areas of duty. By so doing, employees would be excited. They would develop trust in the manager and follow the vision that has been set by such leaders. The productivity of an organization would drop immediately if employees of an organization dont trust their manager. Enthusiasm would also likely to disappear. Goals that may have been set by the manager so as to be achieved by the employees would simply disappear. Its generally very difficult to motivate employees when they have lost confidence in their leader. A manager loses nothing by joining his employees in carrying out duties of the organization. It is even an added advantage to the organization when its manager leads by example. The manager would hence be able to direct his employees on the activities that he would like to be carried out in the organization. Such directives are best followed when the manager himself is present so that he or she can provide an example to the rest of his employees. It is the responsibility of every leader to convince their junior employees to believe in them. However, that would only be possible if the leader is able to lead by example. Action speaks louder than words. Employees learn better from the actions of their manager than from the verbal instructions that are said to them (Edwards, Scott, Raju, 2003). The following are the four main ways in which a manager can lead by example; Setting right examples Most leaders are in their positions because they have proved beyond doubt that they have the capacity to perform well in their areas of specialization (Edwards, Scott, Raju, 2003). The leader should, therefore, led by example such that the employees are able to judge is their leader has what it takes to be in his position of leadership. Most of the executive jobs that are done by managers are less physical. However, they require a lot of critical thinking. Managers should communicate to their subordinates and convince them that he has what it takes to lead an organization to success. Handle all the stuff that the junior staff consider as tuff A manager should not be ashamed of being flattened by members of its staff. What counts is the manner in which he or she rises to his or her feet. The manager should acknowledge his or her shortcomings. He should then think of ways of remedying them by enrolling for further training in the areas. Junior staff should be led by people who are ready to lower themselves and assist the juniors. The manager should handle all the tasks and issues that his junior staffs are afraid of facing. Issues such as an impending danger, a fierce rival or competitor or conflict at the workplace should be addressed by the manager himself. Junior staff should have the feeling that they are working under a manager who is never afraid. They should know that they are led by someone who is ready to face challenges without fear. In addition, the junior staff of the organization should know that their manager would not be afraid to back off if the challenge is extremely difficult. That would ensure that the or ganization remains intact so that they remain to fight on another day (Marrelli, 2013). There are issues that may break down an organization if the manager decides to face them head on even after realizing the impending dangers. Embracing teamwork Leadership is not an individual responsibility. Managers are there to show the direction to the rest of their staff. The staff members would then move in that particular direction. At the same time, the leader must be willing to assist the employees in carrying the load. The manager should work in collaboration with his employees so that he too can earn credibility whenever the team celebrates success for work well done. Studies have shown that leaders earn respect from their employees when they are able to stand out in the spotlight and defend their organizations in the face of crisis. Such commitment shown by managers promotes respect among employees of the organizations (Baker, 2006). They embrace one another and work as a team to accomplish a common goal. Gathering the junior staff as a group and talking directly to them Expectations should be communicated to junior employees in a manner in which they are able to understand them and also relate to them with ease. The manager should connect the expectations of the organization to those of the employees. By so doing, the employees would be able to relate the two and anticipate the impact that fulfilling the goals of the organization would have on their individual goals. The employees would, therefore, be encouraged to work tirelessly hard so that the organization is able to fulfill its set goals (Edwards, Scott, Raju, 2003). They would realize that by fulfilling the goals of the organization, they would automatically meat their individual goals. The manager should communicate the performance expectations to the employees as a group. It is during such meetings that the manager can communicate to the employees the vision and mission of the organization. Group meeting communicates a feeling of togetherness to the employees. The employees are therefore encouraged to embrace each other and work as a team towards a common goal. When a manager communicates to employees at a personal level, some of the employees would feel targeted even when they are not actually targeted by the manager (Schermerhorn, 2008). In addition, they would waste a lot of time trying to find out if similar information was passed to all the employees or not. Some of the employees may end up conveying misleading information to the rest and hence creating divisions among the employees. In the process of talking to the junior staff as a group, the manager should positively talk about the expectations (Francis Albright, 2002). He or she should affirm the expectations that are already working. In addition, he should appreciate the efforts that have already been made by the employees. He should relate the efforts of the employees to the expected performance expectations . The junior employees should be encouraged to perform much better. Such complements would make them push themselves further. If there was a positive deviation in production during the previous month, then the manager should communicate the same to the employees. They should know that the manager acknowledges and appreciate their efforts (Miller, 2004). In auditing, he should communicate to them that such accomplishments would go a long way in enabling the organization to meet its performance expectations at the end. It is important for the manager to identify all possible opportunities for praising the employees. If possible they should be rewarded for the good performance that would motivate them further (Schafer, 2008). By meeting the employees, they are able to develop confidence. They would be able to express themselves freely. They would hence be able to raise their concerns with the manager and also give out their opinions. The face to face meeting between the manager and he employees promotes honesty (Raines, 2012). The manager would honestly respond to the queries of the junior employees. When he doesnt know something or when something lacks in the organization, then the manager should come out in the open and communicate the information to the employees without fear. The honesty of leaders bread trusts that employees have in them. When a problem arises, the junior employees would also be honest with the manager. They would not hide any information (Baker, 2006). They would be able to furnish the manager with the right information as soon as possible as a result of the trust that exists between them and their manager. Conclusion Good leadership is determined by the character and commitment of the manager to ensure that an organization achieves its goals. The goals can only be achieved when the manager is able to effectively communicate performance expectations to his or her staff members, particularly the junior staff. The leader must, therefore, come up with strategies that he would best use to communicate performance expectations to the staff members. The best mode of communicating to the staff is through action. The manager should also take part in the duties that are carried out by the junior staff. By so doing, he will be an example to them. They would, therefore, work hard to prove to the manager that they can equally compete against him. Another good strategy is embracing direct communication to staff members as a group. Such communication creates a feeling of togetherness among the employees. They are able to share responsibilities. The junior staff also gets an opportunity whereby they can benefit f rom advice from their seniors in regard to the expected performance expectations of the organization. There is a scenario where officers are avoiding confrontational situations. The behavior is creating conflict at the workplace. There is the likelihood that the conflict can potentially disrupt the smooth operation of the station. As the sergeant in charge of the station, there is need to come up with measures that would ensure that the conflict doesnt escalate to a level where the station may become dysfunctional. The following is a strategy that can best be used by the sergeant in solving the confrontation situation. The sergeant is the leader within the police station. He or she must, therefore, ensure that the station doesnt become dysfunctional. The confrontational behavior among the police officers is likely to fall out of hand. The sergeant must, therefore, move with speed and ensure that order is restored in the station (American Management Association, 2016). Bringing the parties on a common table can present an easy way of solving the problem at hand. Employees often feel relieved when they get an opportunity to present their concerns. The sergeant should present all the parties with an opportunity so that they can raise their concerns. Such an opportunity presents a level playground since everyone would be able to share his side of the story regarding the confrontation that is being experienced in the station (Cloke Goldsmith, 2011). All the officers would feel relieved as they would be able to speak freely without any kind of embarrassment. That should be followed by the following step s; The problem whereby the officers are involved in confrontation must have started at one particular time. The sergeant should, therefore, find out from the officer to establish what might have been the origin of the entire problem (Dana, 2011). This can easily be done by giving the aggrieved parties an opportunity to present their cases. The right solution to the problem would only be arrived at if the sergeant has established the real cause of the problem. By identifying the root of the problem, it would be easier to identify the police officer who must have started the entire problem which is about to threaten the peace and harmony in the station (Whisenand, 2007). It is important to reconcile the officers once the offender has been identified. The offender may be punished but that should not come as the immediate solution. Punishing an officer would escalate hatred between him or her and the rest. The sergeant is a leader and must, therefore, exercise leadership qualities of conflict resolution before taking stringent measures (Doherty Guyler, 2008). He or she needs to explain to all the officers who are involved in the confrontation that conflict in inevitable among people in places of work. People who come from diverse backgrounds have been brought up in different ways and hence they are likely to be involved in the disagreement (Martinuzzi, 2017). More focus should, therefore, be put on the problem and not on the involved parties. The focus should only shift to the individual who is the course of the problem once an analysis has been done and it has been established that he or she is actually the cause. The sergeant should encourage the employees to embrace one another irrespective of their backgrounds. The situation should objectively be analyzed (Doherty Guyler, 2008). The sergeant may be forced to reassign the roles that are played by each officer in the station so that the involved parties can avoid each other. By so doing, there will be no further confrontation. There is also the possibility that the sergeant can bring on board the human resource management or a consultant. The human resource manager or a consultant would be able to improvise a program that would assist the station in solving future conflicts (Raines, 2012). The confrontation between the officers may have brought about the drastic difference, but the officers can come to an agreement on some issues. Reaching a common ground is a significant step. It would help in the building of the rapport which has been lost between the aggrieved parties. Some of the issues whereby a consensus can be reached are such as an agreement on the problem at hand (Miller, 2004). The final solution should be in accordance with the goals of the organization. At the same time, the involved parties should feel satisfied. A lot of time may pass before the point is reached, but it is worth it. The aggrieved parties will finally have to look for a compromise so that the problem is put to rest (Doherty Guyler, 2008). The sergeant would have shown a leadership quality by providing a sense of ownership to the parties who are involved in a confrontation (Lipsky, Seeber, Fincher, 2003). The sergeant may also be forced at this point to impose a solution. That can be done in a situation where a consensus has failed. The parties would hence be forced to comply if such situation is reached. It is not easy to solve conflicts between parties which are in confrontation. There are conflicts which cannot be solved. However, the best solution approach is through inviting the aggrieved parties so that a consensus can be reached. Punishment is not necessarily the best method of solving problems, the particular confrontation between police officers. The officers are regarded as disciplined and hence should not be involved in any kind of confrontation. There is no any kind of punishment that can be given to them other than them being dismissed from the service (Cloke Goldsmith, 2011). Such dismissal would be harsh to them. It is important to note that confrontation between employees exists in almost all professions. The only way of addressing them is through dialogue. There are other people who depend on the officers for their living. Dismissal of such officers on such simple grounds would hence have a negative impact on their dependents. It is important for conflict situations to be approached in the right way. If that is done,The sergeant is the supervi sor and once someone assumes the position than his role changes. He becomes a manager and is therefore tasked with managerial responsibilities. He should assemble all his juniors and show them how he would like the activities in the institution to be done. The supervisor should not perform all the roles (H. Miller, 2004). He or she should delegate some of his responsibilities to the junior staff. The junior staff would hence be motivated and they would perform much better in an attempt to please the supervisor. The duties may not be much for the supervisor, but it would be necessary to involve the junior staff members too. As a result, the supervisor would still be able to attain the goals of the organization through the employees. In most cases, leaders earn respect from other people because of the skills that they possess and not because of the positions that they hold (Miller, 2004). A delegation of responsibility to other employees within the organization would therefore not ha ve an effect on the respect that people have towards the supervisor. However, its necessary for the supervisor to be The police supervisor should embrace effective communication (Johnson, 2004). Communication between the supervisor and the junior staff promotes trust and mutual understanding between the two. There is nothing that can be successful when communication is not embraced. Marriages and relationships to demand communication between the involved individuals. Communication has three main roles (Whisenand, 2007). People communicate so that they can b4 a leader. Leaders are only able to meet their goals by working with other people and this is not possible if they cannot communicate to the people. One cannot succeed as a supervisor if he or she is unable to communicate directives effective to his or her juniors. Managers dont necessarily need to be orators. However, they should be able to relay information effectively to their staff members. In addition, they should be able to inform and inspire their staff so that they are able to perform even much better. Communication is not meant to promote the image of the sender. Instead, its meant to clearly relay intended information. There are some managers who think that communication is intended for the sender. In this way, most managers fail in communication. Effective communication requires that one has to be as open as possible. One has to know the information that he or she would like to relay (Whisenand, 2007). There is also a supervisor who communicates when they have already been annoyed and are hence angry. It is advisable that communication should never be made when the involved parties are angry. In addition, a supervisor has to be trustworthy. It is necessary for managers to embrace the truth. .A supervisor would never be arrested for telling the truth. A leader should feel free to convey information to his junior staff even if the staff would not be pleased by the information (Schermerhorn, 2008). What is important is that the information is the actual truth. Employs easily develo p trust in leaders who they consider as trustworthy. Employees only develop trust in their leader when they realize that the leader is honest. The employees would, therefore, feel free when engaging with the leader. They do so because they are convinced that the leader is trustworthy and hence cannot hide anything from them (Schermerhorn, 2008). The manner in which people carry out their leadership responsibilities has a great impact on the employees (Schafer, 2008). If a leader is saying something that contradicts what he or she does then there is a high likelihood that he or she would lose the trust that has been restored to him. It is, therefore, necessary that leaders should be honest in all the activities that they participate in. Effective leaders are determined to ensure that their employees are geared towards achieving huge success (Hauptman, 2000). An organization equally benefits a lot when individual employees achieve success in their areas of responsibilities. The organization would meet its set goals owing to the hard work of employees. Supervisors and other people in leadership positions in the police must motivate and offer guidance to the rest of the employees. Many people fail to understand the role of effective leadership in the police service. Policing is a profession like any other profession. It is, ther efore, necessary that the employees of the police are not intimidated. Effective leadership qualities should be exercised so that policemen can play in the rest of the field (Schafer, 2008) There is a need for employees to be motivated. Leaders of organizations must ensure that their employees are well motivated (Whisenand, 2007). An employee who is demotivated is not likely to deliver at the workplace (Gove, 2007). Individuals who are motivated work tirelessly hard to fulfill their set goals. Employees who are motivated feel inspired (Johnson, 2004). It has been established that there are several factors that may make an employees production level to reduce. However, such production level can easily be raised when the employee is motivated. However, the situation of the employees varies from one place to another. A good leader should, therefore, treat his or her employees differently. Situational leadership is one of the best leadership styles. One way in which leaders can motivate their employees is through delegation of duty. Employees feel empowered to work hard when responsibility is delegated to them. They work tirelessly hard and report to the leader who is fully in charge. Studies have shown that job satisfaction goes hand in hand with performance. Most of the young police officers are self-motivated in their areas of work. The self-motivation comes about because the employees are still new in their jobs. They are therefore eager to prove themselves. However, the self-motivation finally declines with time. That is the moment that extrinsic motivators would be required to ensure that officials continue to produce his best at work (Gove, 2007).According to research, the assignment is a good way of motivation. It is best done when a worker is promoted to a higher level. In the past, promotions were based on passing written examinations. However, that is no longer the case today. Most of the promotions of employees are based on performance (Dana, 2011). When an employee performs extremely well, then there is no reason why such an employee should not be promoted to higher job group. A supervisor must be very keen in observing all these changes. Thats when he or she will realize when an employee is demotivated or not. Once the supervisor has gathered essential information regarding a junior officer, he or she should sit down and find out ways in which the officer can be motivated (Whisenand, 2007). Motivation is the only way that restores the productivity of an individual that had become demotivated. Some of the motivations that an officer can be accorded include; Assigning responsibility to the officers and then holding them accountable Commending the officers in public for any accomplishment Taking part in the activities that the officers have been assigned. They would hence feel that care is shown to them Providing rewards to the officers and complementing them when they perform well Positive motivation encourages police officers to become more responsible. They would not involve themselves in confrontations. Such confrontations are not rewarding the way hard work does. Leaders must, therefore, carry out his responsibilities with a lot of diligence (Whisenand, 2007). They must know how to empower their junior officers such they are also able to exercise some authority. Thats one way in which the officers would become responsible since they would be held accountable should anything go wrong. It is necessary for leaders to know their responsibilities. That is the only way in which they would be able to get the best out of junior staff. In addition, they should know the moments that employees need to be motivated References American Management Association. (2016). Leadership by Example. American Management Association. Retrieved from https://www.amanet.org/training/articles/leading-by-example.aspx. Baker, T. (2006). Motivation and police personnel, in Effective police leadership. New York: Looseleaf Law Publications. Cloke, K., Goldsmith, J. (2011). Resolving Conflicts at Work: Ten Strategies for Everyone on the Job. John Wiley Sons,. Dana, D. (2011). Conflict Resolution. McGraw Hill Professional. Doherty, N., Guyler, M. (2008). The Essential Guide to Workplace Mediation Conflict Resolution: Rebuilding Working Relationships. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Edwards, J. E., Scott, J. C., Raju, N. S. (2003). The Human Resources Program-Evaluation Handbook. London: SAGE. Francis, M., Albright, R. R. (2002). The Complete Guide to Conflict Resolution in the Workplace. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Gove, T. (2007). Empowerment and accounting: Tools for law enforcement leaders, . FBI Law enforcement bulletin. Government Printing Office. (2011). Code of Federal Regulations, Title 5, Administrative Personnel. London: Government Printing Office. Hauptman, B. (2000). Leadership in contemporary police rganisation and management; issues and trends. Hernemann: W. Doemer and M. Dantzker. Johnson, R. (2004). Motivating senior officers. law and order. Khanka, S. S. (2007). Human Resource Management. CAND PUBLISHING. Kouzes, J., Posner, B. (2012). Leadership Challenge: Get Extraordinary Things Done .Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhAN=78334912site=ehostlive. Leadership Excellence August, 3-4. Lipsky, D. B., Seeber, R. L., Fincher, R. (2003). Emerging Systems for Managing Workplace Conflict: Lessons from American Corporations for Managers and Dispute Resolution Professionals. New Jersey: Wiley. Marrelli, A. (n.d.). Managing for Engagement -- Communication, Connection, and Courage. Anne Marrelli: DIANE. Martinuzzi, B. (2017). Leading by Example: Making Sure you Walk the Talk. Retrieved from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_60.htm. 6-9. Miller, H. (2004). Supervisory Skills Areas (Hu-TACK) in Effective Police Supervision, 5th edn,. Ohio: Underson ublishing. PAYNE, V. (2007). Coaching for High Performance. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Raines, S. S. (2012). Conflict Management for Managers: Resolving Workplace, Client, and Policy Disputes. John Wiley Sons. Schafer. (2008). Effective police leadership; Experiences and business-law enforcement leaderers. FBI. Schermerhorn, J. (2008). Motivation theory and practice, in management; 9th edition. John Welay and sons. Whisenand, P. (2007). .Communications ib supervising police personnes;The fifteen response, 6th Edition. Pearson Education, 71-79